Facial muscle contraction is one of the major causes of facial grooves and wrinkles. It has been observed that individuals who suffered one-sided facial paralysis showed a younger appearance on the paralyzed side. Most facial muscles play an important role in creating normal expression and physiological function. There are a few muscle groups however that can be spared and if they are inactivated, the unsightly skin changes caused by their action may be temporarily reversed and slowed down. These are in the forehead, particularly in the glabellar region. Fig.33a,c, and at the outer corners of the eyes-crow's feet.

    A substance known as BOTOX blocks the transmission of the nerve impulse to the muscle and if injected into the muscle tissue will inactivate it from 4 to 8 months. Such treatment takes a few minutes and usually leaves patients without any side effects. Fig. 33b,d.

    A long term correction of the glabellar and forehead furrows can be achieved by an alternate method through surgical inactivation of these muscle groups. Fig.36.

Figure 33a In repose - before injection

Figure 33b In repose - after injection

Figure 33c Frowning - before injection

Figure 33d Frowning - after injection